Tecun uman wikipedia español

K'oyoi tituluan. Alvaradoren gutunean zehaztasun handiagorik ez egotearen bigarren azalpena Tecun Umanek Alvaradoren menpeko batekin borroka egin zuela da, Argueta izenarekin. Iradokizun hori Arguetaren ondorengoek beren aurrekoaren oinordekotzat gordetzen duten lantza kitxe heroiaren odolez zikinduta dagoela diotenean oinarritzen da. Uste da "Tecun Uman" ez zela agintariaren izena inondik inora, baina baliteke titulu moduko gisa funtzionatzea.

Itzulduta, esaldi honek esan nahi du: " Tecum kapitain jeneral handia, Don K'iqab errege kitxearen biloba". Horregatik, "uman" edo "umam" hitzak "ren biloba" esan nahi du eta ez da horren parte, Tecunen izena inondik ere. Iradoki izan da "umam" bere genealogiaren erreferentzia izan zitekeela, edo izena jatorriz heroiari emandako beste titulu batetik eratorria izan daitekeela, "q'uq'umam", " quetzal lumazko antzinako bat " esan nahi duena.

Tecun Uman Guatemalako Heroi Nazional izendatu zuten ko martxoaren 22an, eta otsailaren 20an urtero ospatzen da Espainiako Konkistadoreen aurka erakutsi zuen ausardia eta duintasunagatik. Edukiak mugitu alboko barrara ezkutatu. Artikulua Eztabaida. Irakurri Aldatu Aldatu iturburu kodea Ikusi historia. Tecun Uman [ 1 ] ? According to the Kaqchikel annals, he was slain by Spanish conquistador Pedro de Alvarado while waging battle against the Spanish and their allies on the approach to Quetzaltenango on 12 February Tecun Uman was declared Guatemala's official national hero on March 22, , and is commemorated on February 20, the popular anniversary of his death.

Tecun Uman has inspired a wide variety of activities ranging from the production of statues and poetry to the retelling of the legend in the form of folkloric dances to prayers. Despite this, Tecun Uman's existence is not well documented, and it has proven to be difficult to separate the man from the legend.

Tecun uman wikipedia español

This region formed a part of the K'iche' kingdom , and a K'iche' army tried unsuccessfully to prevent the Spanish from crossing the river. Once across, the conquistadors ransacked nearby settlements in an effort to terrorise the K'iche'. Although suffering many injuries inflicted by defending K'iche' archers, the Spanish and their allies stormed the town and set up camp in the marketplace.

On 12 February Alvarado's Mexican allies were ambushed in the pass and driven back by K'iche' warriors but the Spanish cavalry charge that followed was a shock for the K'iche', who had never before seen horses. The cavalry scattered the K'iche' and the army crossed to the city of Xelaju modern Quetzaltenango only to find it deserted. The letter was dated 11 April and was written during his stay at Q'umarkaj.

The legends relate that Tecun Uman entered battle adorned with precious quetzal feathers, and that his nahual animal spirit guide , also a quetzal bird, accompanied him during the battle. In the midst of the battle, Alvarado and Tecun Uman met face to face, each with weapon in hand. Alvarado was clad in armor and mounted on his warhorse.

As horses were not native to the Americas and peoples of Mesoamerica had no beasts of burden of their own, Tecun Uman assumed they were one being and killed Alvarado's horse. Another version says he merely attacked the horse in an attempt to knock Alvarado down, having no prior illusion that both man and animal to be one and the same. Tecun Uman quickly realized his error and turned for a second attack but Alvarado's thrust his spear into his opponent's heart.

The K'iche' prince's nahual, filled with grief, landed on the fallen hero's chest, staining its breast feathers red with blood, and thereafter died. From that day on, all male quetzals bear a scarlet breast and their song has not been heard since. Further, if one is to be placed in captivity, it would die, making the quetzal a symbol of liberty.

Another account claims a much more complex confrontation of religious and material forces. Other natives had attempted to kill Alvarado, but he was protected by a powerful maiden, commonly associated with the Virgin Mary. Tecun Uman called upon his own magic, and in the intention of killing Alvarado, struck Alvarado's horse dead.

Upon learning he had killed only the beast and not the man, he had attempted to correct his mistake, but was quickly impaled by Alvarado's spear. A different version states Tecun Uman had an opportunity to kill Alvarado but ultimately failed and was slain by one of Alvarado's subordinates, a soldier known by the name of Argueta. Local folklore from the area around the former K'iche' capital of Q'umarkaj preserves the belief that he was buried at the small archaeological site of Atalaya , metres yd from Q'umarkaj itself.

The true existence of a historical Tecun Uman is subject of ongoing debate. This document also contains the earliest known reference to the K'iche' leader as Tecum Umam. A second explanation for the absence of greater detail in Alvarado's letter is that Tecun Uman actually did battle with one of Alvarado's subordinates, by the name of Argueta.

This suggestion is based on the claim of Argueta's descendants that the lance they keep as an heirloom of their predecessor is stained with the blood of the K'iche' hero. It is believed that "Tecun Uman" was more than likely not the ruler's name at all but may have functioned as a sort of title. It has been suggested that "umam" may have been a reference to his genealogy, or the name may have originally been derived from another title given to the hero, "q'uq'umam", meaning " ancient one of quetzal feathers ", or it might have come from the indigenous name for a prominent local volcano: " Teyocuman.

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